What is Nitrile Rubber (NBR)? Properties, Applications, & ...

What is Nitrile Rubber (NBR)? 

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Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) is a commonly used synthetic rubber elastomer, with applications across many different industries. Developed in Germany in the 1930s, it is known for its strong resistance to oil, fuel, acids, and other chemicals, making it ideal for a range of automotive and aerospace applications. NBR is a copolymer made from two polymers: acrylonitrile and butadiene. Specific properties of NBR can vary based on its chemical composition. Higher amounts of acrylonitrile will lead to better oil resistance, but also decrease its flexibility.  NBR has many applications across many industries due to its resistance to oil and chemicals, its wide temperature operating range, and abrasion and tear resistance. 

Properties of Nitrile 

NBR has many advantageous properties that make it a good choice for many different uses across many different industries. As with any material, there are also some downsides which may make it less than ideal for your specific application. Be sure you understand all of the advantages and disadvantages of NBR before choosing it for your specific project. Learn more about choosing the right rubber for your manufacturing needs. 

Advantages 

NBR has an unusually strong resistance to oil, gasoline, acids, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and other chemicals. It also has a wide temperature operating range of -40°C (-40°F) to 108°C (226°F). The combination of these two strong characteristics make nitrile the perfect choice for use in the automotive and aerospace industries. NBR also has strong water resistance, as well as good abrasion and tear resistance. 

Disadvantages

No material is perfect, and NBR is no exception. Like any other elastomer, NBR has its disadvantages. When compared to natural rubber, NBR is not a strong or flexible material. Additionally, it has poor weathering resistance, and is not very resistant to sunlight, ozone or aromatic hydrocarbons. This means that it would not be an ideal choice for any outdoor applications. 

NBR may still be the right choice for your specific needs. Its advantages still outweigh its disadvantages, and depending on the application, will still be a great choice of material. You’ll need to weigh all of the pros and cons when deciding what rubber to choose for your specifications.  

Common Applications of Nitrile 

Nitrile is one of the best synthetic rubber materials, and as such is used for many different purposes in many fields. It is used for seals, hosing, tubing, gaskets, grommets, adhesives, sealants, and more in a wide range of industries. Additional applications of NBR include: 

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• Automotive. Due to its strong resistance to oils and fuels, NBR is commonly used in oil hoses, seals, grommets, and more in the automotive industry. 

• Aerospace. Just as with the automotive industry, NBR’s fuel, oil, and chemical resistance makes it ideal for fuel and oil oses, seals, grommets, and fuel tanks. 

• Gloves. Disposable nitrile gloves are commonly used throughout the medical industry for examinations, as well as for cleaning. More heavy-duty, reusable gloves are also used for nuclear applications. 

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Nitrile is high quality synthetic rubber and may be the right choice for your specific application. Get in touch with us today to see how we can help you make the right choice for your specifications. 

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So, what makes Nitrile Rubber (NBR) unique?

Nitrile rubber, also known as NBR, Buna-N, and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, is a synthetic rubber copolymer of acrylonitrile (ACN) and butadiene.

Although its physical and chemical properties vary depending on the polymer’s composition of nitrile, this particular type of synthetic rubber is unusual in being generally resistant to oil, fuel, and other chemicals. So, the more nitrile within the polymer, the higher the resistance to oils but the lower the flexibility of the material.

Nitrile is the most widely used elastomer in the seal industry today. It is used in the automotive and aeronautical industry to make fuel and oil handling hoses, seals, grommets, and self-sealing fuel tanks, since ordinary rubbers cannot be used. NBR’s ability to withstand a range of temperatures from -40 to 108 °C (-40 to 226 °F) makes it an ideal material for aeronautical applications. Nitrile butadiene is also used to create moulded goods, footwear, adhesives, sealants, sponges, expanded foams, and floor mats. The uses of nitrile rubber include disposable non-latex gloves, automotive transmission belts, hoses, O-rings, gaskets, oil seals, V belts, static & dynamic hydraulic seals, synthetic leather, printer’s form rollers, and as cable jacketing; NBR latex can also be used in the preparation of adhesives and as a pigment binder.

Typical applications:  Aircraft Fuel Systems, Automotive Fuel Systems, Off-Road Equipment & Marine Fuel Systems.

Its resilience also makes NBR a useful material for disposable lab, cleaning, and examination gloves. Nitrile rubber is more resistant than natural rubber to oils and acids, with superior strength, but does have less flexibility. Nitrile gloves are therefore more puncture-resistant than natural rubber gloves, especially if the latter are degraded by exposure to chemicals or ozone. Nitrile rubber is also less likely to cause an allergic reaction than natural rubber. Unlike polymers meant for ingestion, where small inconsistencies in chemical composition/structure can have a pronounced effect on the body, the general properties of NBR are not altered by minor structural/compositional differences.

Nitrile’s can be specially compounded to meet International Food Standards such as FDA 21.177 2600; (EC) 1935:2004; BfR XXI.

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