Pros and Cons of Back Support Belts

Low back pain is the second most frequent symptom bringing Americans to their health care providers annually. Approximately 50 percent of Americans experience low back pain symptoms each year, with up to 85 percent encountering some form of it in their lifetime.

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In the U.S., individuals aged 25 to 45 are particularly prone to back pain, making it the top cause of disability for those under 45. In 2008 alone, Americans spent $33.4 billion treating back pain, not accounting for an estimated $66.6 billion in lost wages and productivity. Many people turn to back support belts to either prevent or alleviate their pain.

Custom or Off-the-Rack

There are mainly two types of back support belts: custom-fit and flexible-fit. For those who have undergone back surgery or suffer from adolescent scoliosis, a spinal physician might prescribe a back support tailored to your body using heat-treated plastics. These custom devices offer comprehensive spine stabilization when required.

Conversely, neoprene belts, commonly found in pharmacies or sporting goods stores, are more prevalent. Employers may recommend these belts to workers who frequently lift heavy objects. Although they might help prevent back pain initially, these belts are not a remedy for existing issues. If you have persistent back problems, consult your doctor or physical therapist to find the best back support model for you.

Benefits of Using Back Support Belts

Research on the effectiveness of back support belts is mixed, but using one properly and under medical advice can offer benefits such as:

• Correcting deformity. Braces can correct congenital deformities or aid in post-surgery healing.
• Limiting movement. Restricting spinal movement post-injury helps the area heal by reducing muscle strain.
• Stabilizing the back. Users often report reduced pain and improved posture.
• Providing support. During episodic pain, belts offer relief during transitional movements like standing up.
• Facilitating a return to work. Helps manage the transition back to work post-injury.
• Easing pain. Some belts include massaging and heating elements that alleviate back stress, and even a placebo effect can provide some pain relief.

Physician Concerns

Incorrect use or poor-fitting support belts can cause issues such as:

• Skin lesions. Ill-fitting belts can lead to skin irritation.
• Muscle atrophy. Overuse can weaken spinal muscles, risking future injuries.
• Transfer of the load to other muscles. Restricting one area can strain other muscles.
• Gastro-intestinal disorders. Compression can lead to digestive issues.
• Higher blood pressure. Muscle compression may increase blood pressure and heart rate.

Short-term use of back support belts might be advantageous, especially when combined with other treatments like physical therapy. However, your physician probably won't recommend long-term or preventive use. To minimize additional problems, consult with a spine specialist to determine if a belt is appropriate for you.