What is the Advantage and Disadvantage of Wholesale 250w Solar Panel Monocrystalline

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Solar energy technology has progressed rapidly in recent years, less than a decade ago the maximum output for residential solar panels averaged less than three hundred watts. Today, modules 400w+ are common, and supplied by a number of manufacturers, each providing various offerings including - value and high efficiency, bifacial, and split cell solar panels. In order to define what a high-watt module is today, we selected modules 380w+, based on solar panel compatibility with Enphase microinverters and SolarEdge optimizers.

So, why should you choose a high watt module? In addition to their higher output, high-watt solar panels have a higher efficiency output than lower watt panels. The same is true for other modules, a 350w solar panel will have a higher efficiency rating than a 345w panel, however, the difference in efficiency becomes more noticeable between a 350w and 400w solar panel. Their higher output also means that you will need fewer modules and other related equipment to complete the same solar project.

Example System:

900kWh/month average = 10,800kWh/year

10,800kWh/yr / 365 days / 4.5 peak sun hours / 0.82 degradation rate = 5,391 watts or ~5.4kW system

• 5,400 watts / 350 watts = ~15.43 solar panels or 15 for 5.25kW or 16 for 5.6kW

• 5,400 watts / 400 watts = 13.5 solar panels or 13 for 5.2kW or 14 for 5.6kW

High-watt modules can also be utilized for installation sites with limited roof space. It is important to keep in mind that most high watt solar panels are composed of 72 (or 144 half cut) cells rather than 60 (or 120 half cut) cells. Their higher cell count makes the solar panels 8-10&#; taller than 60 cell panels on average, so be sure to keep that in mind if the space you are working with is limited.

In this review of high-watt solar panels, we will be analyzing the following:

• High-Watt Solar Panel Comparison

• High-Watt Solar Panels and Inverter Sizing

• Solaris Recommendations

High-Watt Solar Panel Comparison

There are a number of high watt modules currently on the market or set to be released early . When comparing solar panels there are five things you should pay attention to: Maximum Power Output, Efficiency Rate, Warranty Period, Degradation Rate and 25-Yr Output.

The maximum power output and efficiency rate determine the expected amount of energy production from your solar modules. All solar panel manufacturers have at least a 25-year linear performance warranty, this warranty guarantees the output of the solar panel based on the modules degradation rate. The average product warranty for solar panels is 10 years, however, some manufacturers such as LG and Panasonic offer 25-year product warranties as well.

Factoring the degradation rate of solar modules will let you know how much power your solar panel system will be producing at the end of your warranty period. Panels continue to operate after this point, typically at the same degradation rate noted by the manufacturer.

*Bifacial module, value does not reflect efficiency boost from bifacial gain. **Commercial panel only.

Depending on the brand, manufacturer and technology, high-watt solar panels the average cost per watt ranges between $0.50/watt and $0.80/watt+, with manufactures such as Canadian Solar and Trina Solar comprising the lower range, and LG Solar coming in at the higher range. As reflected above, the energy output of LG solar panels in comparison to a Trina Solar module is much higher. Which panel you select will largely be determined by your project specifications and budget.

High-Watt Solar Panels and Inverter Sizing

Sizing out microinverters and string inverters for high watt modules follows the same guidelines as lower watt modules. Likewise, when utilizing high watt modules for an off-grid set-up, it is important to spec out your charge controller correctly. Most off grid systems can utilize high watt modules up to 2kW depending on the charge controller and battery backup system you are using. For the duration of this review, we will be focusing on on-grid and hybrid systems utilizing microinverters, string inverters with optimizers and string inverter systems.

Microinverters

Enphase Energy microinverters are mini inverters that are installed on the back of each of the solar panels in your array. Microinverters are a good fit for almost any installation, they are available for both single phase (most residential) and three phase (commercial) systems. Moreover, they can be used for both on-grid and hybrid solar energy systems with the use of the Enphase Encharge lithium-iron battery system. The IQ series microinverters can be installed prior to the addition of the battery unit, this provides added flexibility in planning for your future energy needs.

In addition, Enphase microinverters match the linear performance warranty timeframe of solar panel manufacturers (25 years), whereas string inverters typically have a performance warranty around 10-12 years. This means that you will likely have to change out your string inverter mid-way through your solar modules warranty period. This comes with its own difficulties, new inverter systems oftentimes work with different technologies - for example, one rapid shutdown solution for your current inverter may not work for the new inverters being produced by the manufacturers, even if the electrical specifications of the inverters are the same or similar.

Microinverters add flexibility in future system additions, as they are not limited by the stricter string requirements of the modules. It is also easier to mix different watt modules along their own string using microinverters, so if you plan on expanding your system in the future, plan to either oversize your inverter (which can lead to efficiency loss if not calculated correctly), or use microinverters. They come at a higher price point than the following solutions, however, their longer warranty period and added flexibility and benefits makes them an ideal choice.

High watt modules typically use either the IQ7PLUS or the IQ7A microinverters. One of the potential downsides of using high-watt modules with microinverters is the potential for clipping.

*Clipping occurs when the output of the solar panel is higher than what the microinverter's maximum output power.

• IQ7PLUS Peak Output - 295VA
• IQ7A Peak Output - 336VA

Take the LG380Q1C-VA for example, it's maximum output is 380w, so this module would put out about 330w at 87% operating power. In the case of the IQ7PLUS, there would be some clipping (35w). Under normal conditions, the panel would be putting out about 285w and there would be no clipping. Generally speaking, microinverters may cause a relatively small drop in efficiency (1-2%), the rule of thumb is that the solar panel's maximum output capacity is 1.25 times the inverter capacity - in this case, the system will rarely have any reduction in production. If you live in a high sun environment, or if you select a panel that is a much higher wattage (like the 440w from Longi), it is more advantageous for you to use the IQ7A microinverters running at 240VAC to negate clipping and get more out of your solar panels.

String Inverter with Optimizers

SolarEdge inverters can be used in both on-grid and hybrid solar energy systems, their single phase inverter, the HD Wave and their hybrid inverter, the StorEdge, both utilize optimizers which work in a similar way to microinverters (they both optimize the solar array, negate shade loss and prevent your array from shutting down if one of your modules is not functioning properly). They also have commercial three phase solutions that are not currently compatible with battery backup units, however, they do offer beneficial smart grid technologies that streamline and simplify commercial projects.

Like Enphase microinverters, the StorEdge inverter can be installed prior to the addition of the LG Chem battery backup unit. Unlike the Enhcarge system however, the LG Chem battery has a strict certification requirement that needs to be met prior to being able to obtain the battery. Keep this in mind when you are selecting your inverter. You can elect to hire an LG Chem certified installer in your area, or if you are performing a DIY installation, you can ascertain this certification by taking their course that is hosted every Thursday. Without this certification, or the certification of your installer, you will not be able to purchase the LG Chem battery. This is their requirement to meet both warranty and safety requirements.

There is less flexibility in system expansion with string inverters, however with proper planning, you can expand SolarEdge systems. You can either account for your future energy use when planning for your system and add the panels as you go, or you can add additional inverters as needed. There is also the possibility that the solar panel that you use now, and even its wattage, may not be readily available in the future. This may mean that you need to limit the number of panels you add onto a string, and thus limit your ability to expand on a single inverter.

The warranty period of SolarEdge inverters is 12 years, while you can purchase extended warranties directly from the manufacturer, you will likely need to replace the inverter over the lifetime of your solar array. The optimizers, which are installed on the back of each module have a 25 year warranty period, and therefore will not need to be changed out during this time period. High watt modules may limit the number of panels you can utilize on a string, however, they're flexible in sizing and can be easily configured with the use of SolarEdge's online sizing tool.

String Inverter

Fronius string inverters are the most cost effective inverter solution for on grid solar energy systems. While they produce hybrid inverters capable of being paired with battery backup and even AC coupled systems, the equipment can be difficult to come by and it is recommended that these systems be installed by professionals, so they may not offer the best solution for DIY installers. However, if you have a roof or ground mount array that is South facing, your geographic irradiance is high, and you are not concerned with shading, a stand along string inverter will operate your system well.

Fronius is limited to system expansion in a similar way to the SolarEdge string inverters outlined above, however, they do not require optimizers in order to operate so they offer installers the lowest bill of materials and therefore the lowest cost out of other inverter solutions on the market. Fronius string inverters can also be sized using their sizing tool.

Solaris Recommendations

High-watt solar panels are worth considering for your solar energy system, they have a higher overall efficiency rating, are typically part of newer series lines of their respective manufacturers, and can decrease your initial cost of investment for your solar array. Their limitations for installations is minimal (i.e., may not be the best fit for high kW off-grid systems, the height of 72 cell modules is taller than 60 cell which may be an obstacle to small roofs). However, from a larger standpoint, they not only offer a host of benefits, higher watt modules is the direction that solar panel manufacturers continuously strive towards.

Outside of considering the output, efficiency, warranty, degradation rate and output; you should carefully consider your inverter solution to fit your current and future energy needs. Whether or not you will add a battery backup unit in the future is tied to the inverter that you are using rather than the your solar panels. If you are looking for the best high watt solution on the market, be sure to take a look at LG solar modules, they have the highest expected out put and among the highest warranty periods of any module on this list. They come at a higher price point, but are worth considering given their high output, (they could pay for their additional cost in energy output after 10 years+). 

Lower cost solutions from Canadian Solar and Trina Solar save you on your initial investment, but have a lower output percentage than any other module on this list. While manufacturers like Q.Cells sit in the middle in terms of both cost and efficiency. All the solar panels on this list have been tested and proven in the field, ultimately it is up to you to decide which solution best fits your project.

Short on Time? Here&#;s The Article Summary

The article discusses the possibility of mixing solar panels with different wattages. While it is technically possible, it is not generally advised due to reduced efficiency and power output. Mixing different wattage panels can lead to the system favoring the lowest voltage or amp, thus reducing overall efficiency. The article explains the effects of mixing different wattage panels in series and parallel connections, highlighting that it is crucial to match either the amps or voltages when connecting panels to maintain efficiency.

It also provides dos and don'ts for mixing different wattage solar panels and addresses common questions and concerns regarding mixing solar panels. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding basic electrical principles to ensure the safe and efficient use of solar energy.

Introduction

Solar power is becoming more and more popular as a form of renewable energy. But to get the most from your solar energy installation, it is key that you understand the basic principles that are behind it. 

One of the most common questions we get is whether mixing different wattage solar panels is possible. Today, we address this question so that you can understand your options when it comes to installing different solar panels. 

We&#;ve simplified this search for you with a clear and factual dos and don&#;ts approach to mixing different wattage solar panels. In our guide below, we explain how it affects your energy output, why it matters, and what you can do to make the best of what you have.

Our Guide to Properly Mixing Different Wattage Solar Panels

Is Mixing Different Wattage Solar Panels Possible?

Have you purchased a 200-watt solar panel, and wondered if it can be used with your old 100-watt panel? The short answer is, yes, you can mix solar panels that have different wattages. But it is not usually advised, because mixing different wattage panels reduces the efficiency and power output. 

Wattage Mixing Reduces Efficiency and Power

The reason for this is simple. Different wattage panels have different voltage and amps outputs. The system always favors the lowest voltage or amp, which puts the larger panel on the backburner. This, in turn, reduces the overall efficiency and power output of your solar panel array.

From sailboat solar panel installation to residential panels to installing solar panels on a van, certain basic electrical rules apply. So yes, they can be used together. But to mix different wattage solar panels, it&#;s crucial that you first understand the correct way to do it. 

Wattage Mixing Determines the Wiring System

A solar panel&#;s wiring is connected either in series or parallel. Normally, you don&#;t have to pay attention to these details, but if you&#;re dealing with mismatched wattage, the wiring system that you choose becomes important. 

The golden rule is that the same voltage should be connected in parallel, whereas the same current should be connected in series. But what&#;s the reason behind this rule? To understand this, we need to have a brief look at the two types of wiring connections.

Series vs Parallel Connections

Wiring Solar Panels in Series

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How to Connect Panels in Series

To connect solar panels in a series, you connect the positive wire of each panel to the negative wire of the next and vice versa, alternating in this way. 

Advantages of Wiring in Series

Most residential solar panels are connected in series. When you connect solar panels in series, the voltage adds up, but the current stays the same. You can get away with smaller wiring and have a long run between the panel and the inverter without much loss of electricity. 

The Disadvantage of Wiring in Series

The general drawback with this type of wiring is that if one panel is in shade or goes out, the whole system becomes less effective. 

Different Wattage Solar Panels Wired in Series

If mixed wattage solar panels are connected in series, the total voltages are added. But the amps are reduced to the current of the lowest panel.

Wiring Solar Panels in Parallel

How to Connect Panels in Parallel

To connect solar panels in parallel, connect all of the positive wires together. Do the same with the negative wires. Be sure that you are using the right wires before connecting the panels. 

The Advantage of Wiring in Parallel

When you connect solar panels in parallel, the amps (current) increase but the voltage doesn&#;t. This usually suits the greater battering charging needs of off-grid solar users. 

Disadvantages of Wiring in Parallel

A parallel setup requires a heavier wire to handle the higher current. You also need more wire to make all the connections. 

But if you&#;re confused about what size cable to use for a 12v solar panel, or any other electrical issues, rather consult the experts.

Wiring Different Wattage Solar Panels in Parallel

If mixed wattage solar panels are connected in parallel, the total amps are added, but the voltage of the system reduces to the voltage of the lowest panel.

A Combination of the Two

You could choose a combination of series and parallel circuits to benefit from the advantages of both. To do this, first, connect the solar panels in a series and then join the strings in parallel. 

A simpler solution is to install microinverters to optimize each solar panel individually. This helps to avoid the problem of power loss due if one of the panels in the system is in shade. 

The Best Wiring for Mismatched Panels 

If you connect solar panels without matching either the amps or voltages, efficiency will be drastically reduced. If your solar panels are not matched in size, the system will always choose the lowest value.

This is especially crucial for panels connected in parallel. But whether wired in series or in parallel, this holds true. Plugging in a solar panel of a lower power rating into your array will reduce the total energy output. 

Mismatched Panels in Series

Solar panels connected in series add to the voltage. The amps will not change. But mismatched solar panels connected in series will choose the lowest amp among the solar panels.

Mismatched Panels in Parallel

Solar panels connected in parallel add to the amps. The voltage doesn&#;t change, but mismatched solar panels connected in parallel output the lowest voltage among the solar panels 

If the Solar Panels only Have Different Wattage

 

You can wire solar panels with different wattages in parallel if they have similar voltages, but efficiency will drop. If they each contain a diode to prevent reverse current, you can safely connect them in parallel. 

This diode allows the current to flow in only one direction. Alternatively, install a micro inverter.

Wattage Dos & Don&#;ts 

Do These

• Stick to the same wattage if possible

• When the wattages differ, stick to the same voltage

• If wattage differs, but voltage matches, wire panels in parallel

Don&#;t Do These

• Don&#;t mix the voltages whenever possible 

• Don&#;t arrange the panels in parallel if the voltage differs

• Don&#;t proceed if you are unsure of what to do

Other Factors that Affect Your Solar Power 

Batteries 

You&#;ll probably need just one solar battery to keep the power on when the grid is down, but you&#;ll need greater storage capacity for a fully off-grid installation. This is where the batteries you choose can make a big difference.

Using Mismatched Batteries 

You may be aware of how to set up solar panels off-grid. If you&#;re tempted to mix different batteries when trying to achieve this greater storage capacity, keep the following in mind: Always avoid different types of batteries and batteries of different ages.

Risk of Overheating 

Mixing different capacity batteries for solar panels is not recommended. This is because batteries' performance levels change as they age. When the stronger battery in the system compensates for the weaker ones, there&#;s a risk of overheating which degrades your batteries faster and increases the risk of fire. 

For best results, always start with the same type of batteries of equal capacity, if possible.

Inverters

Another important factor to consider when installing solar panels is the inverter. 

String Inverters

Residential solar panel arrays are often accompanied by inverters. A string inverter is the most common. It aggregates the power output of your solar panels.  

Micro Inverters

But microinverters help to make your solar panel system far more efficient. They also handle panels being in shade, better. This will help to avoid the problem of power loss when a panel is not in full sun. 

Mixing Different Wattage Solar Panels FAQ 

Will my solar panel installation fail an inspection if different wattages are used together? 

The wattage of your solar panel does not affect the outcome of an inspection. 

There&#;s more chance of failing a solar inspection because of incorrect wires being used, as this can be dangerous. But if everything has been installed correctly, and all the wiring is correct, you&#;re good to go. 

Is it dangerous to mix solar panels of different wattages? 

It&#;s not dangerous to mix different wattage panels, but a loss of overall power is guaranteed. This affects your solar array&#;s productivity. So whenever possible, avoid mixing different wattage solar panels to avoid this problem. And when you have to use different wattage panels, follow our tips above.

Closing Thoughts 

Our mission is to make understanding and using solar energy simple. Always remember that while solar energy is harnessed from the sun, any electrical installation must follow certain basic rules to be both safe and efficient.

You will now understand the basics behind connecting solar panels, and how mismatched panels affect efficiency. So while mixing different wattage solar panels is not advised, it can be done if you follow the tips in our guide above.

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