Praziquantel | Medication

The medication content overseen by PetMD's veterinary professionals aims to clarify your inquiries regarding the functions of medications, their potential side effects, and the specific species for which they are prescribed. It is essential to remember that this information does not replace professional advice from your veterinarian.

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Understanding Praziquantel

Praziquantel is classified as an anthelmintic medication, utilized specifically to eliminate parasitic worms. It is known to effectively treat various types of tapeworms affecting dogs and cats. This includes species such as Dipylidium caninum and Taenia pisiformis/taeniaeformis. Additionally, in dogs, praziquantel is applied against rarer tapeworms like Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis.

Mechanism of Action for Praziquantel

The exact mechanism through which praziquantel works against tapeworms is not fully understood. However, it is believed to compromise the integrity of the worm's outer layer and induce paralysis. Consequently, the deceased worms are either expelled through defecation or assimilated in the pet's digestive system.

Praziquantel can be administered as a standalone treatment or in combination with other medications, including other anthelmintics, flea preventatives, and heartworm protectants. The various formulations of praziquantel include tablets, chews, topical treatments, and injectables.

This medication is available as a solo treatment in tablet form (Droncit®) and an injectable version (Praziquantel®). Common combination products containing praziquantel include Interceptor Plus®, Sentinel®, Iverhart Max®, Profender®, Centragard®, Drontal®, and Virbantel®.

Proper Usage of Praziquantel

Given that praziquantel is found in numerous product types, it is crucial to adhere strictly to the dosage instructions provided on the label or as directed by your veterinarian. The vet may suggest administering this medication once to address tapeworm issues or may recommend two doses separated by weeks due to the tapeworm lifecycle in pets. For pets receiving heartworm prevention, corresponding medications are typically given orally once a month.

For dogs with the MDR-1 gene mutation, known as ABCB1, there is a marginally heightened risk of overdose; however, praziquantel is deemed safe for dogs with this mutation when used at standard doses.

What to Do If You Miss a Dose?

If you forget to administer a dose of praziquantel or a related product, you should give it as soon as you remember. Nevertheless, if it is nearly time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and return to the regular dosing regimen. Never administer extra or double doses.

Potential Side Effects of Praziquantel

Most pets tolerate this medication well. However, possible side effects may include:

• Loss of appetite

• Vomiting

• Diarrhea

• Lethargy

• Excessive drooling

• Weakness

Pets receiving the injectable variant of this medication may show signs of discomfort at the injection site.

It is possible to notice dead tapeworms in your pet's feces if this medication treated an active infection, though often, no visible worms will be present.

Human Considerations

While praziquantel is also prescribed for humans, it is important to note that dosages and possible side effects can vary. In case of accidental ingestion of a pet medication, it is crucial to contact your physician or the national Poison Control Center hotline at 800-222-.

Monitoring Recommendations

No formal monitoring is required for this medication. Nonetheless, your veterinarian may propose routine tests based on your pet's unique circumstances, existing medications, and the underlying issue that warranted the use of praziquantel.

Contact Your Vet If:

• Severe side effects arise (refer to the previous section) or there is persistent vomiting or bloody diarrhea

• Signs of overdose occur

• You have additional questions or concerns regarding praziquantel

Handling Overdose Situations

Overdoses of praziquantel are quite rare due to the medication's extensive safety margin. Those with the MDR-1 mutation face a somewhat higher risk; however, this medication remains exceptionally safe for them at standard doses.

In instances of substantial overdosing, dogs and cats may exhibit symptoms such as vomiting, excessive drooling, lethargy, difficulty in walking, and in severe cases, even fatalities.

Should you suspect an overdose, contact your veterinarian or an animal poison control center immediately. Be advised that consultation fees often apply.

Pet Poison Helpline (855) 764-

ASPCA Animal Poison Control (888) 426-

Storage Guidelines for Praziquantel

Storage requirements may vary significantly depending on the specific product being used. Generally, standalone tablet forms should be stored at temperatures below 77°F. Always keep tablet containers tightly closed to protect against moisture and light exposure.

Ensure that all medications are stored out of children's and pets' reach.

No veterinary writer or reviewer has received compensation from the medication's manufacturer during the creation of this article. All information herein is sourced from public databases or from the producer.

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Written by Dr. Stephanie Howe, DVM

Veterinarian

Dr. Howe graduated from the University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine and brings expertise to the field...